Manufacture of incandescents



UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

CHARLES G. RICHARDSON, OF NEW BRIGHTON, NEI/V YORK.

l MANUFACTURE oF |NCANDESGENTS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 592,209, dated October 19, 1897.

Application filed March 10, 1897.

To all whom it may concerm.

Be it known that I, CHARLES G. RICHARD- SON, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, and a resident of the town of New tical results it is essential that the said framework should be free from silica, the presence of which in the incandescent deteriorates the light.

In the first place my invention consists in a substance iit for such a framework, and which, while artificially produced byl the Aprocess invented by me and hereinafter described and claimed, is chemically identical with the wellknown mineral chrysoberyl, being the aluminate of glucinum and having the composition indicated by the formula Be2O3Al2O3, Where Be indicates beryllium or glucinum. Theartificialcompoundproduced by my process possesses the infusibility and unalterability of the chrysoberyl and is readily put into any shape desired, as is hereinafter explained.

In the second place the invention consists in the process by which the compound is produced, and in the third place the invention consists in the incandescent composed of the said framework and the'oxids ofthe incandescent earths thereon or therein.

In working my invention I prefer to proceed in the following manner: I first form a solution which contains aluminium nitrate, aluminium chlorid, or other suitable salts of aluminium, and gluoinum nitrate, glucinum chlorid, or other suitable salts of glucinum in such proportions that the solution shall contain one atom or molecule of aluminium to one atom or molecule of glucinum. I also prefer to use solutions which contain from Serial No. 626,844. (No model.)

twenty to fortyrper cent. of the combined salts. Having prepared the solution, a piece of suitable combustible fabric, such as cotton or linen, which has been first cleansed by washing in hydrochloric andhydrofluoric acid, is well saturated with the solution and partially dried. Then the fabric is brought into a solution or an atmosphere of ammonium hydrate, whereby the salts of the metals are decomposed with the formation of their hydroxids and corresponding salts of ammonia. It is necessary after this stage of the process, especially if a solution of ammonium hydrate has been used,vto partially dry the fabric again, and then wash out the salt or salts of ammonia with distilled water, in order to prevent injurious reactions on the frame- Work. The fabric is again partially dried and now can be shaped and formed into mantles. The mantle having been formed is burned out over a gas flame in the usual manner, or in a furnace, leaving the oXids of the minerals in the form of the mantle with some small portion of unconsumed carbon. The oxids of the minerals are now in the proportion in which a chemical compound, consisting of glucinum alu m-inate, is formed. These frameworks or skeletons can be dipped, when desired, in suitable solutions of the nitrates or chlorids of zirconia, thoria, or other known incandescent earths, either singly or in combination, or may be dipped in emulsions of the hydroxids of the said earths, producing the desired incandescing mantles. When solutions of the salts of the incandescent earths are used, the mantle should be dipped in a solution of ammonium hydrate and reignited, in order to decompose the salts, with the formation of their hydroxids and corresponding salts of ammonia. It is not, however, necessary, after this step of the process, to wash out the salts of ammonia, although-I prefer to do so.

I do not intend to claim generally the process of manufacturing mantles by dipping combustible fabrics in solutions of the earths and then burning out, nor the formation of porcelanous framework, or those containing silica, and then depositing the incandescing earths on such frameworks; but

I do claim as my invention, and desire to protect by Letters Patent, the following:

IOO

l. A framework for incandescents, consisting of aluminium and glucinum Iorrids combined in the proportions of one molecule or atom of aluminium oxid and one molecule or atom of glucinum oxid, substantially as described.

2. An incandescent consisting of a framework which is composed of aluminium and glucinum oxids in the proportions of one molecule or atom of aluminium oxid and one molecule or atom of glucinum oxid, and oXid of the incandescing earths deposited thereon, substantially as described.

3. The process of producing a framework for incandescents, consisting in first forming a solution containing aluminium and glucinum in the proportion of one molecule or'atom of each, then saturating a combustible fabric with said solution and burning out, whereby a framework of the oxids of said minerals is produced in tbe proportions existing in glucinum aluminate, substantially as described.

i. The process of manufacturing incandescen'ts, consisting in forming a solution containing aluminium and glucinum in the proportions of one molecule or atom of each, then saturating a combustible fabric in said solution and burning out, whereby a framework of the oxids of said minerals is produced in the proportions existing in glucinum aluminate, and then depositing oXids of the incandescent earths on said framework, substantially as described;

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my inventionl have signed my name, in presence of two witnesses, this 18th day of February, 1807.

CHARLES G. RICIIARDSON.

Witnesses:

IIEUNTOR MCKENNEY, ABM. VAN SANTvoonD. 

